Graphite isikhunta for ekubunjweni okuqhubekayo
Graphite isikhunta for ekubunjweni okuqhubekayo
Okuqhubekayo ekubunjweni graphite isikhunta libhekisela imikhiqizo graphite esetshenziswa okuqhubekayo ekubunjweni isikhunta. Insimbi eqhubekayo yokusakaza ubuchwepheshe ubuchwepheshe obusha obujika ngqo insimbi encibilikile ibe yinto ngokusebenzisa isikhunta esiqhubekayo sokulingisa. Ngoba ayiqhubeki igoqeka futhi iba yinto ngqo, ukufudumeza kwesibili kwensimbi kuyagwenywa, ngakho-ke amandla amaningi angagcinwa.
Continuous casting graphite is made from carbonaceous raw materials (petroleum coke, pitch coke, coal pitch ...) ngemuva kochungechunge lwezinqubo zokukhiqiza. Phakathi kwabo, inqubo kokucindezelwa udini kungaba ngokulandelana abandayo kokucindezelwa udini noma amakhaza isostatic ngokucindezela inqubo yokubumba. Inqubo yokucindezela i-high-tonnage ebandayo ephezulu yamukelwa ukuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa komfaniswano, aminyene namandla amakhulu wokuphonsa i-graphite. Ukwandisa ukwelashwa kobuchwepheshe bokumboza komhlaba kungacula impilo yesevisi ye-crystallizer ye-graphite, ithuthukise ikhwalithi yokuqhubeka kokukhipha insimbi, futhi yande isivinini senqubo yokusakaza eqhubekayo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinto ze-graphite zezinye izinhloso, i-cast cast eqhubekayo inezici ezilandelayo: izinhlayiya ezinhle, ukuthungwa okufanayo, ubukhulu bevolumu ephezulu, i-porosity ephansi namandla amakhulu. Ukusebenza kwayo okuyisisekelo kanje:
|
Ipharamitha |
Inkomba |
|
C Okuqukethwe (%) |
99.9 ~ 99.995 |
|
Ubuningi be-Bulk (g / cm3) |
1.75 ~ 1.90 |
|
Amandla Okucindezela (MPa) |
60 ~ 100 |
|
Amandla we-Flexural (MPa) |
24 ~ 50 |
|
I-Modulus Yentsha (GPa) |
7 ~ 11 |
|
Ukuthethelela (%) |
14 ~ 21 |
|
Ukumelana Okucacile (μΩ · m) |
10 ~ 20 |
Sibutsetelo sokuthuthukiswa kokuphonsa okuqhubekayo kwe-graphite ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe
1) Amazwe anamathela kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni nasekusebenziseni i-graphite eqhubekayo yokuphonsa. Lokhu kungaqinisekiswa kusukela ekwandeni kokuhlukahluka kokuqhubeka kokuphonsa i-graphite, ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo, nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi. Isibonelo, iJalimane neJapan balinga ukusebenzisa imali eningi ekuthuthukiseni i-graphite eqhubekayo, ngakho-ke bakhiqiza izinhlobo eziningi ze-graphite eqhubekayo, futhi ikhwalithi nayo ingcono. Amaphrofayli wethusi kanye ne-cast iron okuqhubekayo ukusakaza ubuchwepheshe nakho kuthuthukisiwe.
2) Ngokuqondiswa kokuthuthuka komkhiqizo, amazwe angaphandle anake kakhulu ukuthuthukiswa kwe-fine-grained, high-density, isotropic graphite njenge-casting graphite eqhubekayo. Ikakhulu, inkampani yaseJalimane iLinsdorf ithole isipiliyoni esikhulu kule ndawo futhi yathatha izinyathelo eziningi. Inkampani yaseToyo Tansuo yaseJapan nayo ibilokhu ifinyelela, futhi inamandla okudlula. E-China, iDongshin Electric Carbon Plant neShanghai Carbon Plant baphumelele kule ndawo eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule. Ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kobuso obusebenzayo be-graphite crystallizer, ubuchwepheshe bokumboza komhlaba butholwa, obunomphumela omkhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwempilo yesevisi ye-graphite yokulingisa eqhubekayo. ISoviet Union yamukela i-boron nitride technology technology, kanti ukumbozwa kwe-graphite eqhubekayo ezweni lami kufakwa i-pyrolytic graphite. Yize ingadumile kabanzi, yamukelwe ngabasebenzisi abaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iShanghai Electric Carbon Plant ibuye isebenzise ifomula yendabuko ukwengeza u-0.6 kuya ku-2% wama-oxide wensimbi, futhi isebenzisa indlela yalawo ma-oxide ensimbi ukuguqula ibe yizinga eliphezulu lokuncibilika kwe-carbides ngo-2500 ℃ graphitization izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukumelana namachibi ye-casting graphite eqhubekayo. Ukufeza inhloso yokwenza ngcono impilo yenkonzo.
3) Ukucaciswa okukhulu kokuphonsa okuqhubekayo kwe-graphite sekuyinto ephambili kakhulu. Ngenxa yeqiniso lokuthi ikhwalithi emikhulu yokusakaza okuqhubekayo i-graphite inegebe elikhulu uma liqhathaniswa namazwe angaphandle, kufanele kwenziwe imizamo emikhulu yokuyithuthukisa. Lokhu kufanele ukunakwa ngabakhiqizi abafanele, kokubili ngokwezinzuzo zenhlalo nezomnotho.
I-4) Ezweni lakithi, ubuchwepheshe obuqhubekayo bokuphonsa amaphrofayli wethusi buthuthuke ngokushesha, buqale ekuqaleni, bunezinga elikhudlwana, futhi bunokuhlangenwe nakho okuvuthiwe nokunothile. Ubuchwepheshe bokusakaza obuqhubekayo bamaphrofayili wokuphonsa okuqhubekayo busanda kuthuthukiswa, futhi ubuchwepheshe bokuqhubeka bokulingisa buyadingeka Nakuba i-graphite cast isengasetshenziswa, ukuthuthuka okuthuthukile nokuthuthuka kuyadingeka.
I-5) Ucwaningo kufanele lwenziwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukunemba kwemishini kokuqhubeka kokuphonsa isikhunta se-graphite futhi kuthuthukise isakhiwo somkhiqizo. Lokhu futhi kungenye yezinyathelo zokuthuthukisa impilo ye-graphite crystallizer. IJalimane neSoviet Union banezidingo ezicacile zokunemba kwemishini yomkhiqizo, kanti nabasebenzisi basekhaya banethemba lokuthi ubunzima bodonga lwangaphakathi lokuqhubeka kokuphonsa i-graphite kungathuthukiswa, okungavimbela ngempumelelo imifantu ebusweni bokusakaza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uthuthukise isimo soxhumana naye. Ukuma nokwakheka kwe-graphite eqhubekayo kufanele kuthuthukiswe ukuze indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwayo nesikhunta sethusi ifinyelele kuma-80%.
